How to Write an Application Involving Research Animals -- Print
Whole Document
Explains procedures for writing an application
and then applying for and maintaining an NIH grant application for
research that uses animals.
This is the print-friendly version. We update it monthly. For the
most current information, read the page-by-page
tutorial. You can also visit our other All
About Grants Tutorials.
Table of Contents
Requirements for Grantees Using Research Animals
If you are a principal
investigator planning to use live, vertebrate animals
for research, research
training, or biological testing, you must adhere to requirements
in the Public
Health Service (PHS) Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory
Animals and the Animal
Welfare Act and Regulations.
The PHS policy is summarized in the brochure What
Investigators Need to Know About the Use of Animals.
Read about NIH animal research, policies, and crisis management
at OER Animals
in Research.
Peer
reviewers will evaluate your application based on your compliance,
so it's important to know what's expected of you and your institution.
When you apply for NIAID funding, you need to answer all five points
in the Vertebrate Animals Section of your Grant
Application Package (for electronic applications) or your PHS
398 (for paper applications). Most grant types, including research grants such as the R01 and Exploratory/Developmental Grant -- R21, use electronic application.
Most grant types, including research
grants such as the R01 and Exploratory/Developmental Grant -- R21, use electronic application.
Go to our NIH Grant Cycle:
Application to Renewal for beginning-to-end, step-by-step information
about applying for the most common grant types.
If your application receives a fundable overall impact/priority score, have your
animal use protocol reviewed and approved by an institutional
animal care and use committee (IACUC), which evaluates your
institution's animal research program.
To receive an award, you must have IACUC approval, and your institution
must have an animal
welfare assurance approved by the NIH Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW).
If you have domestic subaward agreements, those organizations also
need IACUC approval and an animal welfare assurance. Read more in the Subawards (Consortium Agreements) for Grants SOP.
For foreign awards and subawards, learn more at IACUC
Requirements Vary for Domestic and Foreign Institutions.
To find out if your institution is assured, see
OLAW's Domestic Institutions
with a PHS Approved Animal Welfare Assurance or Foreign Institutions
with a PHS Approved Animal Welfare Assurance. Assurances are valid up to four years, then they must be renewed.
It's also a good idea to find out if your institution has animal
facilities accredited by the Association
for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care.
- AAALAC is a non-regulatory organization; participation in its accreditation
program sends the message that your institution is committed to
high-quality animal care and use.
- OLAW accepts
AAALAC accreditation in lieu of some required documentation.
Non-accredited institutions are required to provide a copy of their most recent semi-annual report of program and facilities with their Assurance.
Resources
Research Planning Is a Team Effort
Planning and teamwork are key to preparing a successful application.
An animal research application requires a lot of work, so start
early, leave time for unanticipated issues, and involve experts
in your project from the beginning.
Ask senior IACUC members to validate your ideas and methods. Consult with the attending
veterinarian about available facilities, equipment, personnel, and
products.
For example, the veterinarian may know of a new analgesic that
introduces fewer variables into the research. The institutional
business official who signs your grant application
should also be comfortable with your proposal.
These early consultations protect you and your institution. Since
NIH allows just-in-time IACUC approval of animal use protocols,
a PI can move a research project all the way through NIH initial
peer review before an IACUC has a chance to see it.
If your IACUC has last minute problems with your protocol, e.g.,
you have no biosafety
level four facilities to inject mice with Ebola virus, you might
not receive funding you otherwise could have received.
See NIAID's NIH Grant Cycle:
Application to Renewal for more tips and advice on organizing
and conveying your ideas.
Resources
Consider Alternatives to Using Animals
When planning your research, consider whether you can achieve your
scientific objectives while reducing the number of animals, refining
the use of animals by minimizing their pain or distress, using
a lower order species, or designing your experiments to avoid using
animals at all.
USDA regulations require that investigators search the scientific literature
for alternatives. Conduct this search while
you plan your experiments. Include the search results in the animal
study protocol for your IACUC's
approval.
Considering alternatives during the planning stage gives you enough
time to incorporate methods that benefit the animals and the science.
It also shows peer
reviewers that you are thorough and reduces your chances of
a bar
to award because of animal
welfare concerns.
Limit Animal Use and Discomfort
- Limit animal involvement by using the minimum number required
to obtain valid results.
- Use non-animal methods, such as mathematical models, computer
simulation, or in vitro biological systems.
- Avoid or minimize animal discomfort, distress, and pain as is
consistent with sound scientific practices.
- Use appropriate sedation, analgesia, or anesthesia when your
procedures will cause more than momentary pain or distress. Do
not perform surgical or other painful procedures on non-anesthetized
animals.
- If animals are necessary, select the lowest
phylogenetic species appropriate for the experiment.
Resources
Is Your Institution Assured by OLAW?
Before NIAID can award your grant, your institution and all performance
sites involved in animal work must have an animal
welfare assurance on file with OLAW.
However, your institution doesn't start the
assurance process. Read more on that in the next section.
There are three types of animal welfare assurances: domestic,
inter-institutional, and foreign.
- Domestic assurances are
for U.S. institutions that control
their own facilities and have a complete animal care and use program
in place, including a veterinarian and IACUC.
Domestic assurances typically remain in effect for four years and can be resubmitted
for an additional four years.
- Inter-institutional assurances are for organizations
that contract animal work to an assured institution or use its
facilities.
- The organizations agree to conduct
the project according to the assurance of the covered organization. Timeframes for these agreements are project specific.
- For example,
a small
business subcontracting animal work to a performance site
must reapply for an inter-institutional assurance each time it
competes for a grant.
- Foreign assurances are for foreign institutions that
are grantees or subaward partners to a domestic
grantee.
- A foreign entity must state that it will comply with
either animal welfare requirements for domestic institutions or
the laws and regulations of the country in which it resides.
- For
example, a German institution or performance site could adhere
to German laws for animal care and use.
- Your institution's assurance lasts as long as the project period, typically five years. Then you must renew the assurance with OLAW.
Learn about IACUC requirements for foreign
and domestic awards and subawards at IACUC
Requirements Vary for Domestic and Foreign Institutions.
Institutions that collaborate with grantees through
a subaward are required to have an assurance,
whether domestic or foreign.
- If the institution doesn't have an
assurance, OLAW will negotiate one with the grantee.
- The grantee
may amend its assurance to include a collaborating institution;
in this case, the grantee takes full responsibility for the animal
care and use program of the collaborating institution.
- Read more in the Subawards (Consortium Agreements) for Grants SOP.
Resources
How to Get an Assurance
If your institution has never had an assurance,
don't worry about it when you apply. NIAID grants
management or program staff will contact OLAW to negotiate an assurance with your institution if you're likely
to be funded based on peer
review results, e.g., your percentile or overall impact/priority score is within NIAID's payline.
For that process, OLAW will send your institution a packet
that includes a sample assurance and PHS policy information. IACUC members and other experts at your institution should collaborate
to draft the assurance, inserting your institution's animal
policies and procedures where appropriate. Follow the format
shown at OLAW's Sample Animal Welfare
Assurance.
OLAW will review your institution's assurance for compliance with
federal policies. If acceptable, OLAW signs it and your institution
is assured. If not, OLAW will prompt your institution for more information
until satisfied with the response. Your application is barred
from an award until an assurance is in place.
When reviewing your institution's animal
welfare assurance, OLAW will evaluate several items, including veterinary care, personnel
qualifications and training, occupational health and safety, IACUC
procedures, and animal facilities and husbandry.
Resources
What OLAW Looks For:
Veterinary Care
All veterinary programs should provide for the following:
- Access to animals and periodic assessment of their well-being.
- Appropriate facilities, personnel, equipment, and services.
- Treatment of diseases and injuries and the availability of emergency,
weekend, and holiday care.
- Guidelines for animal procurement and transportation.
- Preventive medicine.
- Pre-surgical planning, training, monitoring, and post-surgical
care.
- Pain relief, including analgesics, anesthetics, and tranquilizers.
- Euthanasia. Follow the American
Veterinary Medical Association Guidelines on Euthanasia.
- Drug storage and control.
The attending veterinarian must have the authority to implement
the veterinary care program and oversee the adequacy of other aspects
of animal care and use, e.g., animal husbandry, nutrition, sanitation
practices, and hazard containment.
The size of the veterinary staff depends on the institution and
the size and nature of its animal program. Consultant or part-time
veterinary services may be appropriate for small programs with limited
numbers of animals.
Do not include the veterinarian's resume as an assurance attachment.
Instead, describe the veterinarian's qualifications in the assurance
documentation. Follow the format shown on OLAW's Sample Animal Welfare
Assurance.
Resources
Personnel Qualifications and Training
Your institution must ensure that staff working with animals are
qualified and train investigators on policies and means to minimize the number of animals used and to minimize animal pain and
distress.
For more information, read Education and Training in the Care
and Use of Laboratory Animals: A Guide for Developing Institutional
Programs, developed by the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research.
Resources
Occupational Health and Safety
OLAW makes sure your institution has an occupational health and safety
program for all personnel who work with animals. The program will
depend on the facility, research activities, hazards, and animal
species involved. Minimally, the program should include the following.
- Pre-placement medical evaluation.
- Identification of hazards and safeguards against risks.
- Appropriate testing and vaccinations.
- Staff training on hazards, safeguards, and roles and responsibilities.
- Policies and facilities that promote cleanliness and safety.
- Provisions for documenting and treating job-related injuries
and illnesses.
For guidelines on establishing and maintaining an effective safety
program, check out Occupational Health and Safety
in the Care and Use of Research Animals, published by the National Research Council.
Resources
Animal Facilities and Species Inventory
Institutions provide a facility and species inventory as part of
their assurance.
Follow the format shown on OLAW's Sample Animal Welfare
Assurance.
OLAW uses this information to assess the nature and size of the animal
care and use program and evaluate the adequacy of other program
components, e.g., veterinary care, occupational health, and safety.
Resources
Working With Your IACUC
Your IACUC is an oversight body appointed by an official at your domestic institution,
such as the chief executive
officer. The Office
of Laboratory Animal Welfare relies on the IACUC to enforce PHS policy and your institution's animal policies.
As outlined in PHS
Policy IV.B 1 through 8, IACUCs do the following:
- Review and approve animal use protocols,
including significant changes to previously approved protocols.
- Monitor your animal care and use program, including a semi-annual
inspection of animal facilities.
- Evaluate compliance with institutional policies.
- Report annually and notify OLAW of suspensions and instances of serious noncompliance with policy.
See the February
24, 2005, Guide notice for guidance on what an IACUC
should report to OLAW.
- Ensure that personnel working with animals
are appropriately trained and qualified.
Find out your institution's policies before you plan your research.
In most institutions, policies for research animals are a combination
of institutional and USDA and PHS requirements. Some are more stringent than others, so a procedure
you performed at another institution may not be acceptable at your
current workplace.
IACUC Requirements Vary for Domestic and
Foreign Institutions
Identify your situation below for a summary of IACUC requirements.
- Domestic grantees with no foreign subawards
- Follow all the IACUC requirements outlined in this tutorial
and by OLAW.
- Domestic grantees with a foreign subaward
- The domestic institution's IACUC reviews and approves the
animal protocol in the application.
- Both institutions must have an OLAW assurance.
- The foreign subawardee should also follow the instructions
in the next section.
- Foreign grantees and subawardees
- Your institution doesn't need its own IACUC unless required
by local law.
- Your institution must have an OLAW assurance.
- You must complete an “Animal Welfare Assurance for Foreign Institutions.”
Resources
IACUC Requirements Vary for Domestic and
Foreign Institutions
Identify your situation below for a summary of IACUC requirements.
- Domestic grantees with no foreign subawards
- Follow all the IACUC requirements outlined in this tutorial
and by OLAW.
- Domestic grantees with a foreign subaward
- The domestic institution's IACUC reviews and approves the
animal protocol in the application.
- Both institutions must have an OLAW assurance.
- The foreign subawardee should also follow the instructions
in the next section.
- Foreign grantees and subawardees
- Your institution doesn't need its own IACUC unless required
by local law.
- Your institution must have an OLAW assurance.
- You must complete an “Animal Welfare Assurance for Foreign Institutions.”
Resources
How Your IACUC Is Structured
Your IACUC will have at least five members, including people with the following
backgrounds.
- A veterinarian with experience in laboratory animal science
and medicine, who has direct or delegated authority and responsibility
for activities involving animals at the institution.
- A practicing scientist experienced in research with animals.
- A person whose primary concerns are in a nonscientific area,
e.g., an ethicist, lawyer, or member of the clergy.
- A person not affiliated with the institution who represents
community interests and who is not a laboratory animal user.
Other IACUC members are usually faculty members and fellow researchers
who are familiar with the issues you are facing and can serve as
resources to help you prepare the best possible application.
Resources
Write Your Protocol
Coordinate writing your application and protocol.
Be sure to write and submit your protocol
early enough for the IACUC review.
It is extremely important that the information in the protocol
you submit to the IACUC is consistent with the information
in your grant application.
Most IACUCs require investigators to submit information about proposed
animal use on an institutional protocol review form. Before writing
your protocol, consult with the attending veterinarian on the latest
technologies and procedures that could improve your approach. Also
send the veterinarian a draft of your protocol to resolve any issues
before it goes to the IACUC.
A standard animal protocol includes the following information.
- Description of project. Help IACUC members understand
your animal procedures by avoiding technical language only people
in your field will understand. Use visual aids, such as flow charts
and bullets, to illustrate your points or break up text.
- Justification for using animals. Describe why an animal
model is necessary. If you're studying a human health problem,
state its cause, existing therapies, and the potential contribution
of your experiments to further its understanding. Use lay language,
explaining all medical terms and defining acronyms the first time
you use them.
- Justification for species. Tell IACUC members why you
chose one species over others. You should generally use the most
appropriate and least sentient species capable of providing the
data you need. The following is a typical hierarchy of sentient
animal species.
- Non-human primates, such as monkeys, marmosets, and baboons.
- Large animals, such as cats, dogs, and pigs.
- Rabbits.
- Rodents, such as hamsters, rats, and mice.
- Non-mammalian vertebrates, such as poultry, reptiles, and
fish.
Your rationale for using a species may be size or availability;
the existence of previous work or laboratory data that validates
the use of a certain animal model; or the availability of reagents.
- Justification for number of animals. Request the amount
of animals you need and explain why. Use the minimum number needed
to yield statistically significant results.
- Consideration of alternatives. Convince IACUC members
that you have adequately explored alternative methods. Use techniques
to minimize pain and distress. These are known as "refinements"
to your protocol. List databases you searched and when, citations
derived, and the keywords or search strategy. List other sources,
such as journal articles, presentations, and colleagues.
- Description of animal procedures. Include non-surgical
methods, such as injections and sample collections; surgical methods,
such as suturing and anesthesia; and other measures, such as pre-anesthetic
fasting, drugs, and care during recovery.
- Assurance that qualified staff will perform work. Name
all personnel who will be working on your study, along with their
animal research experience and familiarity with your proposed
procedures. If you or someone on your staff does not have the
necessary experience, list experts at your institution who can
provide training. Your IACUC will have to verify that this training
took place before animal work can begin.
- Endpoint criteria. Choose endpoints that achieve the
aims of the study and avoid unnecessary pain and distress. Include
the criteria you will use to decide when to intervene or end animal
use in the study, e.g., pain that cannot be controlled with analgesics,
tumor size, and stage of disease. Interventions include euthanasia,
treatment, or discontinuance of procedure. Many institutions have
default criteria, so check with your IACUC for guidance.
Also see Working with the IACUC: Writing an Animal Protocol,
a booklet published by the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science,
for help preparing your animal protocol as well as interacting with
an IACUC.
Resources
Write the Application: Indicate Use of Animals
If you're using research animals, you'll need to answer the question
"Vertebrate animals, yes or no" in Item 5 on the face
page of the PHS
398 (for paper applications) or in Item 2 of the Other Project
Information component in your Grant Application Package (for
electronic applications).
Remember that your application covers all performance sites, including
subaward partners, collaborators, and others involved in the research.
Even if the animal work will be done somewhere other than your institution,
mark "yes."
For paper applications, follow the instructions for Vertebrate
Animals in the PHS
398. For electronic applications, follow the instructions for
Vertebrate Animals in the Grant
Application Guide.
Go to Other Project
Information Form: Facilities, Resources, and Equipment in the NIH Grant Cycle: Application
to Renewal for a brief description of what you need to put in
the application.
To see if your institution or performance site is assured, check Domestic Institutions
with a PHS Approved Animal Welfare Assurance or Foreign Institutions
with a PHS Approved Animal Welfare Assurance.
Resources
Answer the Five Points in the Vertebrate Animals Section
Peer
reviewers can adjust your overall impact/priority score based on your responses to the five points in the Vertebrate
Animals Section of the Research
Plan.
- Provide a detailed description of the use of animals in the
work previously outlined in the experimental design and methods
section. Identify species, strains, ages, sex, and numbers of
animals to be used.
- Justify the use of animals, choice of species, and number of
animals to be used.
- Provide information on veterinary care
for the animals involved.
- Describe procedures for ensuring that discomfort, distress,
pain, and injury will be limited to that which is unavoidable
to conduct scientifically sound research. Describe the use of
analgesic, anesthetic, and tranquilizing drugs and comfortable
restraining devices, where appropriate, to minimize discomfort,
distress, pain, and injury.
- Describe any euthanasia method to be used and the reasons for
its selection. State whether this method is consistent with the
recommendations of the Panel
on Euthanasia of the American Veterinary Medical Association.
If not, present a justification for not following the recommendations.
For electronic applications, follow the instructions for Vertebrate
Animals in the Grant
Application Guide. For paper applications, follow the instructions
for Vertebrate Animals in the PHS
398.
Since there is no page limit for this section, use as much space
as you need to convince reviewers that you'll do everything right.
Don't assume reviewers will automatically know what you're talking
about. Help them understand why your approach will yield the best
results and how you will limit animal pain and distress to that
which is scientifically necessary.
See Part 5. Research Plan and Part 6. Other Application
Sections in the NIH
Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal for more advice on drafting
your application.
Resources
How NIAID Reviews Applications Using Research Animals
When assessing the scientific merit of an application, all NIH initial
peer review committees use the same review
criteria. For information on NIH review criteria, read How
NIH Review Criteria Affect Your Score.
Peer
reviewers also evaluate your project's compliance with federal
requirements for animal research, rating your application based
on your responses to the five points in the Vertebrate Animals Section.
Any problems may negatively affect your overall impact/priority score.
Resources
Understand Codes on Your Summary Statement
Scientific review officers will code your summary
statement to reflect your use of research animals. Such codes
can also indicate assurance status, need for IACUC review, missing information, reviewer concerns,
or the fact that there are no problems and NIAID can issue your
award. See Research Animals Involvement Codes for a complete list.
Codes that result in a bar
to award must be resolved before NIAID can release your award.
If your summary
statement lists such a code, contact the program officer listed
on your summary statement right away.
Resources
NIAID Will Send a Just-in-time Request
After you've cleared initial
peer review and resolved any reviewer concerns, we'll send you a request for just-in-time information if your application is in the fundable range.
For animal research, you will need to send in your certification
of IACUC approval before NIAID can issue your award. See If
You Have Animal Research Documentation and Prepare
Your Just-in-Time Information in the NIH
Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal.
Resources
Reporting Requirements During Your Award
During the life of your grant, there are several reporting requirements
NIAID requires. For example, you'll need to get your certification
of IACUC approval at least every three years.
For general reporting requirements, start reading at Your
Reporting Requirements in the NIH
Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal.
Resources
IACUCs Monitor Your Progress
By signing your application, your institutional
official promises the federal government that your institution
will comply with all terms
and conditions of award, including those covering animal care
and use. Monitor your work closely. As PI,
you are accountable for all activities involving animals during
the project.
Your approved animal use protocol is a contract between you and your IACUC,
stipulating that your project will follow all institutional polices
and procedures. You must obtain IACUC approval before you
make any significant changes to the research, including the following.
- Study objectives.
- Non-survival to survival surgery.
- Species or number of animals.
- Invasiveness of a procedure.
- Use of anesthetics or analgesics.
- Methods of euthanasia.
- Change in PI.
The definition of a "significant change" varies from institution
to institution, so consult your IACUC for guidance. In a recent
policy shift, NIH allows IACUCs to classify personnel changes other
than PI as minor, provided the IACUC ensures that staff are trained
and qualified.
If you're planning to make a significant change to your project,
also contact your program
officer right away. The NIH
Grants Policy Statement requires grantees to obtain prior
approval from NIH for changes in scope.
For a list, see Some
Actions Require Our Approval in the NIH
Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal.
You will also need to get a new IACUC approval every three years;
some IACUCs may require it sooner. Institutional officials and IACUCs
do not have authority to extend an IACUC approval beyond its expiration
date. Conducting research in the absence of a valid IACUC approval
constitutes noncompliance with PHS policy and it is reportable to OLAW.
Resources
You'll Have Semiannual Reviews and Inspections
As part of its semiannual program review and facility inspection,
your IACUC will conduct routine assessments of institutional animal activities.
This review covers institutional policies and responsibilities,
IACUC membership and functions, and IACUC record keeping and reporting
procedures. It also looks at the adequacy and appropriateness of
animal environment, housing, and management; veterinary care; staff
training; emergency preparedness; and occupational health and safety
programs.
A facility review is a physical inspection of buildings, areas,
and vehicles (including satellite facilities housing animals for
more than 24 hours) used for confinement, transport, maintenance,
breeding, or experiments, including surgery.
Your lab may be inspected as part of a facility review, or your
IACUC may randomly visit to verify that you are following your protocol.
IACUCs report the results of their program evaluation and facility
inspection to the institutional
official for animal welfare. These reports describe any deficiencies
found and include plans and schedules for correcting each one.
Institutional officials submit semiannual IACUC reports to OLAW only if requested or if the institution is submitting a new or renewal animal
welfare assurance and is not accredited by the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of
Laboratory Animal Care.
Resources
Avoid Suspension of Animal Activities
Your IACUC can suspend your project if it finds serious or continuing noncompliance
with PHS policy or your institution's assurance or deviations from the approved protocol or the Guide
for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.
If you have a subaward agreement, noncompliance at the subaward
organization can also provoke a suspension. See the Subawards (Consortium Agreements) for Grants SOP for more information.
Your IACUC will convey its reasons for a suspension to the institutional
official for animal welfare, who will take corrective measures
and report the situation to the NIH Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare.
OLAW can withdraw approval of your institution's assurance, though
this is extremely rare. Should this happen, your institution would
become ineligible for spending NIH funds on research activities
involving animals, and NIAID may seek to recover its monies. NIH
may allow expenditures for the maintenance and care of animals.
OLAW can also place restrictions on an institution's assurance
until compliance problems are fully resolved. OLAW always emphasizes
corrective rather than punitive actions and will only restrict or
withdraw approval of an assurance if an institution's efforts to
correct its problems are unsuccessful.
Resources
Know Your IACUC's Reporting Requirements
At least once every 12 months your institution is required to submit
a report to OLAW,
signed by the institutional
official for animal welfare and institutional
animal care and use committee (IACUC) chairperson. The report
includes the following.
OLAW now strongly encourages institutions to send in their annual
reports by January 31 for the previous calendar
year.
Your institution sends the annual report as a PDF attachment to olawarp@mail.nih.gov, by fax to 301-915-9478, or by mail to:
Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare
RKL1, Suite 360, MSC 7982
6705 Rockledge Drive
Bethesda, MD 20892-7982 (Use this ZIP code for the U.S. Postal
Service, including express mail.)
Bethesda, MD 20817 (Use this ZIP code for commercial carriers
such as FedEx and UPS.)
Mail any follow-up reports
of noncompliance, deviations, and IACUC suspensions to the address above.
Your institutional official for animal welfare must notify OLAW's
Division of Compliance promptly at 301-496-7163 of any of the following:
Send reports of noncompliance, deviations, or suspensions to olawdco@mail.nih.gov or by fax
to 301-915-9466.
Resources
Keep Your Records Accessible
You must keep your project records accessible for three years after
the grant ends. If an issue arises, NIAID must be able to verify
the records, which must include all data and fiscal information.
Under PHS policy your institution is required to maintain the following records
for a minimum of three years:
- Assurance approved by the Office
of Laboratory Animal Welfare.
- Minutes of IACUC meetings.
- Records of IACUC activities and deliberations.
- Minority IACUC views.
- Documentation of protocols reviewed by the IACUC, and proposed
significant changes to protocols (this documentation must be maintained
for an additional three years after completion of animal activities).
- IACUC semiannual program evaluations and facility inspections,
including deficiencies identified and plans for correction.
- Accrediting body determinations.
Through the Freedom of Information Act, the public
can access information about your grant. If someone formally requests
non-proprietary information about your application, our FOIA office
will provide it.
Resources
In Conclusion
We hope these pages have helped you. If you're looking
for more in-depth information, please refer to Animals in Research portal. If you have questions
that weren't answered here, please contact OLAW or Contact Staff for Help.
This site is part of NIAID's outreach to its extramural
research community. Let us know how you liked the site and what
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