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Atopic dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a non-contagious inflammatory skin condition. It is a chronic disease characterized by dry, itchy skin that can weep clear fluid when scratched. People with eczema also may be particularly susceptible to bacterial, viral, and fungal skin infections.
Last Reviewed: April 19, 2017
People with eczema may be particularly susceptible to bacterial, viral, and fungal skin infections. NIAID research increases our understanding of how the immune system contributes to the development of atopic dermatitis, explores the genetic determinants of eczema, and evaluates new strategies to prevent and treat the disease.
Last Reviewed: April 10, 2020
NIAID conducts and supports basic research in allergy and immunology that increases our understanding of the immune system and how it contributes to the development of atopic dermatitis and its complications. NIAID also funds patient-centered research to explore the genetic determinants of eczema and to evaluate new strategies to prevent and treat the disease.
Last Reviewed: November 7, 2022
Information about at home eczema (atopic dermatitis) treatment options from NIAID.
Last Reviewed: May 24, 2017
A brief overview of complications that can arise from eczema (atopic dermatitis) from NIAID.
Last Reviewed: August 28, 2015
Information about the causes of eczema (atopic dermatitis) and strategies for prevention from NIAID.
Last Reviewed: June 30, 2016
This study tests a new approach to therapy using live bacteria (also called a probiotic). NIAID researchers will introduce the bacteria Roseomonas mucosa from healthy skin onto the skin of someone with atopic dermatitis to see if it helps to treat the disease.
Last Reviewed: March 15, 2018
The NIAID Atopic Dermatitis Research Network conducts clinical research research to learn more about skin infections associated with atopic dermatitis.
Last Reviewed: November 17, 2017
Research teams across the United States are conducting this clinical trial to assess the effect of dupilumab in treating the skin of adults with chronic moderate to severe atopic dermatitis or eczema.
Last Reviewed: May 1, 2019
The purpose of this study is to examine the safety and effectiveness of a new therapy, commensal lotion containing infection-fighting bacteria, on decreasing or eliminating the infection-causing bacteria found on the skin of atopic dermatitis patients.
Last Reviewed: April 16, 2020
Researchers have identified mutations in a gene called CARD11 that lead to atopic dermatitis, or eczema, an allergic skin disease. Scientists from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health, and other institutions discovered the mutations in four unrelated families with severe atopic dermatitis and studied the resulting cell
Last Reviewed: June 19, 2017
Researchers want to see if introducing bacteria, R mucosa, from healthy skin onto the skin of someone with atopic dermatitis helps treat the disease.
Last Reviewed: April 14, 2020
Atopic dermatitis, commonly called eczema, is a common condition in children who have allergy-related diseases, including asthma. Researchers are interested in studying both individuals with atopic dermatitis and their close relatives (parents and children) to better understand how allergy-related diseases develop and progress.
Last Reviewed: April 16, 2020
Those with atopic dermatitis, also called eczema, may have complications from skin infections such as eczema herpeticum after herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. The purpose of this study is to determine why some individuals with atopic dermatitis are at higher risk for recurrent skin infections with HSV.
Last Reviewed: April 16, 2020
Topical treatment with live Roseomonas mucosa—a bacterium naturally present on the skin—was safe for adults and children with atopic dermatitis (eczema) and was associated with reduced disease severity, according to initial findings from an ongoing early-phase clinical trial at the National Institutes of Health. Preclinical work in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis had suggested that R. mucosa
Last Reviewed: May 3, 2018
NIAID scientists have found an association between widely used chemicals called diisocyanates and atopic dermatitis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease commonly known as eczema.
Last Reviewed: January 23, 2023
Atopic dermatitis, a common inflammatory skin condition also known as allergic eczema, affects nearly 20 percent of children, 30 percent of whom develop food allergies. Scientists have now found that children with both atopic dermatitis and food allergy have structural and molecular differences in the top layers of healthy-looking skin near the eczema lesions, whereas children with atopic
Last Reviewed: February 20, 2019
New NIH-supported research shows how two common variations in the KIF3A gene cause an impaired skin barrier that allows increased water loss from the skin.
Last Reviewed: August 14, 2020
Atopic dermatitis (AD), also called eczema, makes skin dry, red, and itchy. People with AD are more likely to get a food allergy than people without AD. But some food allergy tests are not always accurate in people with AD. Researchers want to study if people with AD and high total IgE levels are truly allergic to milk and/or peanuts with the aim of improving the ways doctors test for food allergy
Last Reviewed: June 24, 2022
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, a part of NIH, stands with the scientific community in recognizing October as Eczema Awareness Month and acknowledging the need for continued research into possible cures and therapeutics.
Last Reviewed: October 18, 2022
Photo essay regarding NIAID's work on eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, a chronic condition that causes the skin to become extremely itchy.
Last Reviewed: August 11, 2016
An experimental treatment for eczema safely reduced disease severity and increased quality of life for children as young as 3 years old, NIH study shows.
Last Reviewed: September 9, 2020
This 10- to 20-minute survey is available for patients with eczema or parents of patients with eczema. These questions will help us learn more about patient experiences to improve current research and guide future research. What does the study involve? This online survey involves 10 to 20 minutes’ worth of questions. Who Can Participate? Adults with eczema or parents/caregivers of a child with
Last Reviewed: November 1, 2022
A study to identify prenatal and early childhood markers of high risk for food allergy and atopic dermatitis, or eczema, as well as biological pathways that lead to these conditions, has begun. The observational study of children from birth to age 3 years will examine the origins of allergic disease by integrating interdisciplinary analyses of data from more than 260 biological and environmental
Last Reviewed: March 19, 2021
Scratching the skin triggers a series of immune responses culminating in an increased number of activated mast cells—immune cells involved in allergic reactions—in the small intestine, according to research conducted in mice. This newly identified skin-gut communication helps illuminate the relationship between food allergy and atopic dermatitis (a type of eczema), a disease characterized by dry
Last Reviewed: April 23, 2019