NIAID Site Search

NIAID scientists determined the high-resolution 3D structure of an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) surface protein in complex with its receptor, revealing a key site of vulnerability that could lead to much-needed interventions against this common human pathogen.

Published: March 4, 2025

For decades, scientists have wondered how different strains of prions can propagate when they do not carry their own genes with them as they move from host to host. A new study from NIAID researchers and colleagues reveals how differences in the folding of the primary protein of prions (PrP) can help determine the distinct characteristics of prion strains.

Published: July 13, 2022

The COVID-19: How SARS-CoV-2 binds to host cells module is part of the Pathogens in Augmented Reality (PathogenAR) mobile app. COVID-19 is a severe respiratory infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In order to infect host cells, SARS-CoV-2 has a surface protein which can specifically bind to another surface protein on host cells. Disrupting this interaction is key to several vaccines and

Last Reviewed: February 3, 2021

Lenette Lu, M.D., Ph.D., of the Massachusetts General Hospital K08 sample application

Last Reviewed: March 31, 2025

Sample grant application from Stephen Dewhurst, Ph.D., for exploratory with possible transition to expanded development grant (R21/R33).

Last Reviewed: April 21, 2025

Tuan Manh Tran, M.D., Ph.D., of the Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis K08 sample application

Last Reviewed: March 31, 2025

Stephen Dewhurst, Ph.D., of the University of Rochester, R21/R33 sample application

Last Reviewed: March 31, 2025

Nico Contreras, Ph.D., of University of Arizona, F31 sample application

Last Reviewed: March 31, 2025

Lilliam Ambroggio, Ph.D., of the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center K01 sample application

Last Reviewed: March 31, 2025

In the BPARS, we apply a systems biology approach to understand selection dynamics and host-pathogen interactions in the context of defined genetic immunodeficiency diseases. This approach integrates genomics, transcriptomics (RNA-seq), and metabolomic methods to identify and characterize specializations that occur during within-host adaptation.

Last Reviewed: January 21, 2025

Sample application from Emily Troemel, Ph.D., for NIH standard independent research project grant (R01).

Last Reviewed: October 11, 2024

The NIAID Centers for HIV Structural Biology captured in unprecedented detail the 3-D structures of HIV components bound to human cellular components.

Last Reviewed: March 21, 2025

Immunology Interest Group (IIG) Newsletter November 2024

Last Reviewed: December 4, 2024

The Pathogenesis and Immunity Section conducts human and animal studies of malaria pathogenesis and host immunity, including population-based studies in communities exposed to Plasmodium falciparum. Our research emphasizes pregnant women and children, the populations most susceptible to malaria morbidity and mortality, with collaborative cohort studies ongoing in Mali, Liberia and Guinea.

Last Reviewed: October 3, 2022

Sample application from David Al-Adra MD, Ph.D., for NIH standard independent research project grant (K08).

Last Reviewed: September 13, 2024

National Institutes of Health // Food and Drug Administration // Immunology Interest Group

Last Reviewed: April 16, 2024

Immunology Interest Group (IIG) Newsletter May 2024

Last Reviewed: October 2, 2024

Sample application from Nicole Putnam, Ph.D., for National Research Service Award (NRSA) individual fellowship (F31) grants.

Last Reviewed: January 25, 2023

Sample application from Samantha Lynne Schwartz, Ph.D., for National Research Service Award (NRSA) individual fellowship (F31) grants.

Last Reviewed: March 16, 2023

Last Reviewed: August 6, 2024

Why do some people hospitalized with COVID-19 succumb, while others—with apparently similar disease severity at the time of hospitalization—survive? Among older individuals, are there particular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection that set the stage for the increased risk of severe COVID-19? New publications from the NIAID-funded IMPACC study help provide answers.

Published: May 1, 2024

A NIAID study revealed how some variants of SARS-CoV-2—the virus that causes COVID-19—could evolve. The researchers used cutting-edge technology to examine genes from SARS-CoV-2 in people with and without HIV who also had COVID-19, looking at the different copies of the virus in individuals over time. They found that people with advanced HIV—as defined by reduced numbers of immune cells called CD4+ T cells—had dozens of SARS-CoV-2 variants in their bodies, compared to just one major variant in most people without HIV and people with HIV who had higher numbers of CD4+ T cells.

Published: September 9, 2024

Sonja M. Best, Ph.D., is the Chief of the Innate Immunity and Pathogenesis Section. Our current research program is shaped by the NIAID programmatic objectives in biodefense and emerging infectious disease research, namely basic research of pathogen biology and host response to develop effective vaccines and immunotherapeutics.

Last Reviewed: March 28, 2024

The National Institutes of Health has awarded approximately $34 million annually over the next five years to fund six independent Centers for HIV Structural Biology

Published: August 22, 2022

Lead Institution: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Research Areas Despite a significant reduction in malaria morbidity and mortality in India, Plasmodium cases persist in the State of Odisha, hindering malaria control and elimination efforts locally and statewide. Through a community-based prospective cohort study, the India ICEMR investigates factors driving this maintenance of

Last Reviewed: August 23, 2024