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Antiretroviral therapy of pregnant women and antiretroviral treatment of infants have greatly reduced the rate of mother-to-child HIV transmission, also referred to as vertical transmission. Nevertheless, although these improved rates have occurred in some countries, vertical transmission rates remain relatively high in others. This may be due to multiple factors, including access to testing, care
Published: September 1, 2021
Pivotal studies of some biomedical HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention interventions have excluded cisgender women or demonstrated low efficacy among them, limiting their prevention options relative to other populations who experience high HIV and STI incidence. Findings show doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis (better known as DoxyPEP) did not prevent STI acquisition in cisgender women, despite showing promising results in gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men and transgender women in a previous study.
Published: December 20, 2023
The Vector Molecular Biology Section focuses on understanding how molecules from arthropod vectors are critical for the success of pathogen transmission and translating this knowledge into disease control opportunities.
Last Reviewed: September 27, 2022
The first Food and Drug Administration approval of a treatment for eosinophilic esophagitis, announced in May 2022, marked a vital achievement not only for people with the disease, but also for scientists including a NIAID grantee whose research helped lay a foundation for this milestone.
Published: September 15, 2022
One injection of a candidate monoclonal antibody (mAb) known as L9LS was found to be safe and highly protective in U.S. adults exposed to the malaria parasite, according to results from a National Institutes of Health Phase 1 clinical trial published in The New England Journal of Medicine.
Published: August 4, 2022
National Institutes of Health scientists and their collaborators have identified an internal communication network in mammals that may regulate tissue repair and inflammation, providing new insights on how diseases such as obesity and inflammatory skin disorders develop. The new research is published in Cell. The billions of organisms living on body surfaces such as the skin of mammals
Published: June 23, 2021
How would you summarize what you currently do at NIAID? The laboratory is divided into four major research areas related to vaccines and monoclonal antibodies: 1) malaria, 2) tuberculosis (TB), 3) tumors, and 4) COVID-19. We focus on the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which vaccines and adjuvants mediate protective immunity in mouse and non-human primate models of malaria, TB, cancer, and
Last Reviewed: August 11, 2023
Report of the Advisory Committee on Research on Women’s Health: Fiscal Years 2019–2020
https://www.niaid.nih.gov/sites/default/files/ORWH-Biennial-Report2019-20.pdf
Last Reviewed: March 8, 2022
HIV.gov continued daily coverage of AIDS 2024. This blog post includes recaps of four livestreamed conversations.
Published: July 25, 2024
Jordan Report 20th Anniversary: Accelerated Development of Vaccines 2002
https://www.niaid.nih.gov/sites/default/files/jordan20_2002.pdf
Last Reviewed: December 31, 2002
The investigational antiviral remdesivir is superior to the standard of care for the treatment of COVID-19, according to a NIH report published today.
Published: May 22, 2020
Do you know some people who almost never get sick and bounce back quickly when they do, while other people frequently suffer from one illness or another? NIAID-supported researchers have pinpointed an attribute of the immune system called immune resilience that helps explain why some people live longer and healthier lives than others.
Published: June 13, 2023
NIH Scientists Report Findings From 20 Years of ALPS Research Researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have analyzed results from 20 years of research on people with the most common form of autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS). Their report, published online in Blood on January 7, 2014, describes an easy-to-measure biomarker for diagnosing this rare immune disease
Last Reviewed: March 27, 2014
MWMDVPPiA is a group committed to establishing a pan-African network of aerial sampling stations to monitor windborne movement of insect disease vectors, disease agents, agriculture pests and their enemies, and keystone species affecting ecosystem stability.
Last Reviewed: April 29, 2020
NIAID uses the following programs to develop and support the next generation of biomedical researchers.
Last Reviewed: July 3, 2024
NIAID efforts to develop a preventive cholera vaccine have targeted two distinct but overlapping approaches: live and “killed” vaccines.
Last Reviewed: June 24, 2016
As global temperatures rise, it has become more urgent to understand the interactions between climate, mosquitoes, and the pathogens mosquitoes transmit to humans. NIAID Now spoke to Luis Chaves, Ph.D., a 2023 Scholar with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Climate Change and Health Initiative, about his work about the impacts of environmental change on the ecology of insect vectors and the diseases they transmit.
Published: August 18, 2023
Senior Leadership for NIAID's Vaccine Research Center (VRC)
Last Reviewed: February 25, 2025
Two U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)approved mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 have saved millions of lives. These vaccines were developed with NIH support and research on a protein found on SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Clinical trials for the COVID-19 vaccines in people were established in what seemed like record time. But in reality, more than 50 years of public and private
Last Reviewed: April 4, 2024
On this page, we give you detailed information about writing an effective Research Plan when applying for a NIH grant.
Last Reviewed: January 8, 2025
Tongqing Zhou, Ph.D. is the Chief of the Structural Virology and Vaccinology Section (SVVS). SVVS seeks to apply structural biology to the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine. Despite the enormous potential of atomic-level designsuccessfully used, for example, in the development of potent drugs against the HIV-1 proteasecurrent vaccine development makes little use of atomic-level information. We are trying to change this.
Last Reviewed: March 19, 2025
Olivia Steele-Mortimer, Ph.D., is Deputy Chief of the Laboratory of Bacteriology and Chief of the Salmonella-Host Cell Interactions Section. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is a common cause of gastroenteritis in humans. Our group studies how S. Typhimurium interacts with mammalian cells.
Last Reviewed: July 12, 2022
Candida auris, is an emerging healthcare-associated infection of growing public health concern. NIAID supports several researchers who are asking fundamental questions about the biology of C. auris. Today’s NIAID Now post features insights from NIAID-funded researchers, Jeniel Nett, M.D., Ph.D., associate professor of medicine and medical microbiology and immunology at University of Wisconsin-Madison, and Christina Cuomo, Ph.D., associate director of the Genomic Center of Infectious Diseases at the Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University.
Published: September 23, 2022
Interactions between intracellular bacteria and their hosts in Wolbachia-host symbiotic systems Host-parasite interactions in filarial worm infections Study of arbovirus transmission using vector (mosquito) cells Role of microRNA in prokaryotic-eukaryotic cellular interactions
Last Reviewed: July 6, 2020
We study how Salmonella Typhimurium interacts with mammalian host cells and the roles these interactions play in pathogenesis.
Last Reviewed: September 28, 2022